Self-Sterilizing Input Device

ABSTRACT

A system and method for sterilizing a surface on an input device is disclosed. A chamber is configured to enclose an input device such as a keyboard and is configured to be switched between an open and a closed state. A drive unit may be provided to switch the chamber between states. In an embodiment, the drive unit may include a motor. A sensor provides a signal to a controller when the chamber is the closed state and the controller actuates a UV light. In an embodiment, the controller actuates the drive unit and the UV light in response to a trigger. In an embodiment, the trigger may be provided from a change in state in a computer coupled to the input device.

BACKGROUND

Computers have revolutionized how we process information. Individualsregularly enter and manipulate data on computer system and the computerhas provided a substantial increase in productively. Typically, mostcomputer input is handled by a user touching some input device such as amouse or keypad or touch screen in order to input or manipulate data.

While this is effective with respect to working with the data, potentialissues exist with the use of touch-based input devices. Computer inputdevices are often touched by many people and therefore can allow thespread of bacteria and germs from one user to the next user. While thissituation is problematic in normal office settings, in health caresettings the situation can become more severe. A caregiver may treat afirst patient and then enter comments into a computer system via aninput device. If a second caregiver also uses the same input device andthen treats a second patient, there is a possibility that any bacteriaor virus left on the keyboard by the first caregiver will be passed ontothe second caregiver and make its way to the second patient. As can beappreciated, this can be life threatening when dealing with highlyinfectious diseases, especially if the disease poses a serious healthconcern to the second patient.

While input devices can be sterilized by being wiped with a clothcontaining a disinfectant therein, this approach has drawbacks.Therefore, improvements to how input devices are sterilized would beuseful.

SUMMARY

A system for sterilizing an input device is illustrated. A chamber isprovided for sterilizing the input device and includes a UV light. Thechamber may be switch between an open and a closed state by a driveunit. A sensor is provided to detect when the chamber is in the closedstate. A controller is coupled to the sensor and may be configured tocause the drive unit to switch the chamber between positions in responseto a trigger and may be configured to actuate the UV light in responseto a signal received from the sensor.

This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailedDescription. This Summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended tobe used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Aspects of the invention are illustrated by way of example and notlimited in the accompanying figures in which like reference numeralsindicate similar elements and in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic of a range of wavelengths.

FIG. 2 is a schematic of an embodiment of a control system.

FIG. 3 is a schematic of an embodiment of a chamber that may be used tosterilize an input device.

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of an embodiment of a cabinet with a portioncutaway to illustrate an embodiment of a drawer track.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views of embodiments of drive unitconfigurations.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a door positioner.

FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic views of an alternative embodiment of a doorpositioner.

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of an alternative embodiment of achamber.

FIG. 11 is a schematic front view of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 10

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-section of the embodiment depicted in FIG.10 with the chamber in an open state.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-section of the embodiment depicted in FIG.10 with the chamber in a closed state.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 illustrates a spectrum of waves, starting with the smallest onthe left and increasing in size towards the right. An expanded portionillustrate ultraviolet (UV) light in is also provided, with UV-A lightextending between 400 and 315 nanometers, UV-B light extending between315 and 280 nanometers and UV-C light being less than 280 nanometers. Asa rule, the smaller the wavelength the more power the wave has. Thus,UV-C has a germicidal effect, UV-B is believed to cause cancer and UV-Ais believed to cause visual signs of aging. While the sun emitswavelengths across the UV spectrum, the atmosphere substantially blockswavelengths below about 300 nanometers, thus vast majority of UV lightthat people are exposed to is UV-A light.

UV-C light is germicidal because it affects the DNA of cells. As isknown, DNA consists of the molecules adenine, cytosine, guanine andthymine and the combination of these molecules provide the geneticinformation for a cell's offspring. Exposing cells to UV-C light causesadjacent thymine molecules in the cell to join. The joining of theadjacent thymine molecules changes the DNA of the cell and prevents thecell from replicating and therefore makes it harmless. While all UV-Clight tends to have a germicidal effect, DNA absorption peaks at about265 nanometers and at about 185 nanometers (thus UV light at or nearthese wavelengths is more effective as a sterilizing agent). Thus,commercially available standard low pressure mercury-vapor lamps thatemit UV light at about 254 nanometers are suitable for use insterilizing surfaces.

Because of UV-C light's germicidal effects, health agencies that workwith infectious diseases have used UV-C light to disinfect surfaces.However, care must be taken as exposure to UV-C is undesirable forindividuals.

Turning to FIGS. 2-13, embodiments are disclosed for using UV-C light ina manner that is relatively simple from the user's standpoint whilestill protecting the user from exposure to UV-C light. A chamber 100 isprovided that may enclose an input device such as a keyboard 180 and oneor more UV lights 40 may be placed inside the chamber 100. Whenactuated, the UV lights emit UV-C light and sterilize the keyboard 180.It should be noted that other input devices such as a mouse or touch pador a lap-top or Tablet PC may be placed in the chamber 100, thus thedepicted keyboard 180 is merely an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 2 depicts a system level schematic of embodiments depicted in FIGS.3-13. A controller 20 is configured to actuate a UV light 40 when asignal is received from a sensor 30. The sensor 30 is configured toprovide the signal when the chamber is closed and the UV-C light may besafely applied. A drive unit 50 may be coupled to the controller 20 andmay include a motor 55 that is responsive to an actuation from thecontroller 20. In operation, the motor 55 may open and/or close a door130 so as to switch the chamber 100 between an open and closed state.The process of closing the door 130 may actuate the sensor 30. Thecontroller 20 may in turn be actuated in response to a trigger. In anembodiment, the trigger may be provided by a computer 60 that includes aprocessor 62 (which may be a set of processors), a memory module 64(which may be any desirable medium and may be located locally, remotelyor some combination thereof), a display 66 and other componentstypically included in a computer.

In an embodiment, the computer 60 may include software stored in thememory module that provides the trigger in response to actions taken bya user. For example, when a user state changes (e.g., a user logs out, auser logs in, a user fails to take any action for a period of time, etc.. . . ) the computer 60 may provide a trigger to the controllerindicating that a sterilization cycle should begin. Thus, a period ofinactivity may automatically cause the computer to trigger thecontroller 20 to initiate the sterilization cycle. The controller 20 maythen provide an actuation input to the drive unit 50 so as to cause thedoor to close and once a signal is received from the sensor 30indicating the chamber 100 is closed, the controller 20 may actuate theUV light 40. It should be noted that any type of UV light may be used,thus traditional lamps as well as appropriate light emitting diodes arecontemplated as being used for the UV light.

FIGS. 3-9 illustrate embodiments of a system that uses a chamber 100 ina cabinet 200 to sterilize an input device such as a keyboard 180. Oneadvantage of such a system is that it can accept a wide variety of inputdevices and therefore is can be readily used, for example, with existingkeyboards. Furthermore, the chamber may also be used to sterilizeassociated input devices such as a computer mouse simultaneously with akeyboard.

The chamber 100 may include one or more UV lights 40. In an embodiment,the chamber may include reflective surfaces that help redistribute lightemitted from the one or more UV lights 40 as illustrated. If provided,some or all of the reflective surfaces may also be shaped to help directthe emitted light in a more desirable pattern. A drawer 150 is mountedin a track 120 and is configured to support a keyboard 180 and/or otherinput devices and may also include reflective materials. A door 130 isprovided on the chamber 100 so that the chamber 100 may be switchedbetween an open and closed state. The door 130 may be located by a doorpositioner 135 that may be a simple hinge. In an alternative embodiment,the door positioner 135 may be configured to bias the door 130 toward anopen position and the door positioner 135 may be controlled by a motoror by a linkage. For example, the door positioner 135 may include abiased hinge 136 and a linkage 137 that is actuated by the drawer 150.Thus, the hinge 136 may be configured to bias the door 130 toward anopen position (by, for example, the use of a coil spring) while thelinkage 137 is configured to translate the door 130 toward a closedposition when the drawer 150 pushes against the linkage 137. Thus, themovement of the drawer 150 can be configured to automatically close thechamber 100. As can be appreciated, numerous other methods ofcontrolling the position of the door 130 are possible, such as usingmotors, springs and the like.

The drawer 150 may be mounted on a track 120 that may include a groove121 and track elements 122 that fit into or ride along the groove 121.In operation, the track 120 controls the translation of the drawer 150.In an embodiment, the translation may be along a linear path and thetrack 120 may allow the drawer 150 to be substantially translated fromwithin the chamber 100 to mostly out of the chamber 100.

As depicted in FIG. 3, the translation of the drawer 150 may cause asensor 30 a to be actuated. The sensor 30 a is representative of acontact sensor that is actuated by displacement; however, any otherdesirable sensor technology may be used. For example, but withoutlimitation, a sensor 30 b may be configured to detect when the door 130is closed by detecting a door element 133, which may be a magnet, beingbrought into proximity to the sensor 30 b. In an alternative embodiment,sensor 30 a and/or sensor 30 b may be an optical sensor. To receive thesignal from the sensor, the controller 20 is in communication with thesensor 30 via the communication path 140 and the communication path 140also extends to the UV light 40 (three of which are shown in FIG. 3). Itshould be noted that the communication path 140 may also be configuredto transmit both signals and power over the same wires. However, thecommunication path 140 may be include a number of separate wires andtherefore is shown as a single element for purposes of clarity. Itshould be noted that sensor 30 may be positioned in other locations asdesired, depending on the type of sensor used as well as theconfiguration of the chamber 100.

To position the sensor 30 a and controller 20, a support 110 may beprovided. It should be noted that multiple supports 110 may be providedas desired, but only one is shown for the sake of clarity. As can beappreciated, additional supports 110 may also be used to supportadditional and/or other elements.

While three UV lights 40 are shown in FIG. 3, in an embodiment one UVlight may be used. In an alternative embodiment, more than three UVlights 40 may be used. If additional UV lights are used, the system canprovide the advantage of providing a greater range of angles of UV lightbeing directed onto an input device and may also help reduce the timerequired to sterilize the input device. In an embodiment where the inputdevice is a keyboard, the keyboard 180 can be made of a material that isUV light translucent so as to maximize exposure of surfaces of thekeyboard 180 to the UV light. To facilitate light distribution, one ormore reflectors may be positioned in the chamber so as to direct UVlight onto the keyboard 180 from different angles. If desired, an innersurface 105 of the chamber 100 may be made of a UV reflective materialso as to further facilitate distribution of the UV light. In addition,the drawer 100 may also be made of a UV reflective material so as tofurther facilitate UV light distribution.

FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate two embodiments of possible drive units 50. Inan embodiment as depicted in FIG. 6, the drive unit 50 a may beconfigured to rotate so as to cause the drawer 150 to translate. As canbe appreciated, such an embodiment may be powered by any drive unit 50configured to convert potential energy to mechanical energy, such as butwithout limitation, a spiral spring. Thus, the movement of the drawer150 between a sterilize position where the drawer 150 is positioned inthe chamber 100 (and where the keyboard 180 may be sterilized) and anoperative position where the drawer 150 extend outside the chamber 100(and where the keyboard 180 may be typed on) may cause the drive unit 50a to store potential energy. For example, the movement could cause thedrive unit 50 a to wind up a spiral spring element. Once an activationinput was provided to the drive unit 50, the stored potential energywould be converted to mechanical energy and could cause the drawer 150to translate back to the prior position (e.g., from the operativeposition to the sterilization position). The drive unit 50 a may alsocomprise a motor 55 configured to interact with the drawer 150 or thetrack 120 though, for example, a gear and pinion system or a pulleysystem so as to causes the drawer 150 to translate between the operativeposition and the sterilize position in response to a signal receivedfrom the controller 20.

In another embodiment, such as depicted in FIG. 6, the drive unit 50 bmay be configured to provide a linear force to translate the drawer 150.In an embodiment, the drive unit 50 b could be a coiled spring. Inanother embodiment, the drive unit 50 b could be a worm drive driven bya motor 55. In an alternative embodiment, the drive unit 50 b may be apiston. However, any other desirable configuration of the drive unit 50b may be used. It should be noted that if the drive unit 50 includes amotor 55, the system may be configured to provide for a completelyautomated sterilizing cycle.

As noted above, to ensure UV-C light is kept entirely or substantiallywithin the chamber 100, a sensor 30 may be provided to detect when thechamber 100 is closed. While the sensor 30 may be configured to directlysense the closing of a door 130, in an alternative embodiment the doorpositioner 135 may include a biased hinge 136 and a linkage 137 such asis depicted in FIG. 7. In such an embodiment, translation of the drawer150 into the chamber 100 presses against the linkage 137 and the linkstransmits a force to the door 130 that causes it to close (overcomingthe force exerted by the biasing hinge 136 in the process). Once thedrawer 150 is moved away from the sterilize position, the biasing hinge136 will urge the door 130 toward an open position. Thus, an advantageof such an embodiment is that the sensor 30 can be configured to detectthe drawer 150 being in the sterilize position because the door 130 willbe closed if the drawer 150 is in the sterilize position.

In an alternative embodiment, as depicted in FIGS. 8 and 9, the door 130may be mounted to a drawer 150 that is mounted to a cabinet 200 via atrack 120 and translation of the drawer 150 can cause a first feature132 to press against a cabinet surface 201. This can the door 130 torotate about the door positioner 135 so that the door 130 is sealed tothe cabinet 200 by a door seal 131 and the first feature 132. Thus,numerous methods of closing the chamber 100 are possible.

As noted above, a trigger may be provided by a computer in response achange in states. In an alternative embodiment, the trigger may beprovided by a user pressing a lever 155 (or some other similarmechanical device). In an embodiment, the lever 155 may engage a feature(not shown) of the chamber 100 and hold the drawer 150 in the operativeposition by resisting the force being exerted on the drawer 150 by thedrive unit 50. Once actuated, the lever 155 will cease to engage thefeature and the drive unit 50 will cause the drawer 150 to move towardto the sterilize position. If the door 130 is configured so that thetranslation of the drawer 150 causes the door 130 to close, the triggerprovided by pressing the lever 155 can effectively be the trigger thatcauses the UV light to be activated.

In an alternative embodiment, the drawer 150 may require the user toexert a force to be moved to the sterilizing position and once thesterilizing cycle is complete, the drawer 150 may urged into theoperative position by the drive unit 50 automatically.

FIGS. 10-13 illustrate an alternative method of closing a chamber 100 byintegrating the chamber 100 into the keyboard 180. A keyboard 180includes keys 181 and is positioned between a first side 101, a secondside 102, a third side 103 and a fourth side 104 of the chamber 100. Adrive unit 50 is provided to cause a door 130 to be moved along a track120. This may position one or more UV lights 40 over the keyboard keys181. The door 130 may be flexible and travel along a groove 121 and mayalso be directed over one or more rollers 123, which may be positionedby supports 124. In an embodiment, a roller 123 may be combined with thedrive unit 50.

In operation, the drive unit 50 can cause the door 130 to translate froman open position to a closed position so as to cause the chamber 100 toswitch between an open state and a closed state. In an embodiment, asensor 30 may be provided to detect when the door 130 is in the closedposition and it is safe to actuate the UV lights.

In an embodiment, the UV lights 40 may be mounted to the door 130 sothat when the door 130 is in the closed position, the UV lights 40 arebrought into position from under the keyboard 180 so that they mayeffective sterilize the keys of the keyboard 180, as depicted in FIGS.12 and 13. As can be appreciated, a flexible power delivery system isrequired to allow the power to be delivered to the UV lights 40 whenthey are brought into position. In an embodiment, this may beaccomplished by providing a retractable insulated wire (not shown) thatis coupled to a set of conductors built into the door. In an alternativeembodiment, a set of contacts can be provided on the door 130 andanother set of contacts can be provided on the chamber 100 or the track120. In such an embodiment, the contacts on the door 130 may beconfigured to engage the contacts provided on the chamber 100 or track120. Thus, a voltage applied to the contacts provided to the chamber 100or track 120 will also apply a voltage across the contacts on the door130 so that power may be provided to the lights mounted to the door 130.To provide sufficient space under the keyboard 180, the keyboard 180 maybe mounted on supports 183. In an embodiment, the keyboard keys 181 maybe made of UV-C translucent materials so as to facilitate sterilizationof the keyboard 180. As can be appreciated, an advantage of thisconfiguration is that the keyboard 180 and the chamber 100 may be madesmaller and the cabinet is not required.

In an alternative embodiment, the UV lights 40 may be positioned withinthe keyboard 180 and the keyboard 180 and the keys 181 may be made ofUV-C translucent materials so that the UV lights 40 may sterilize thekeyboard 180 from within. In such an embodiment, the door 130 may omitthe UV lights 40 and simply be used to switch the chamber 100 betweenopen and closed states. One advantage of such a configuration is thatthere is no need to provide flexible wires for power delivery or tootherwise configure the door 130 to provide electricity to the UV lights40. As discussed above, to prevent untimely actuation of the UV lights40, the sensor 30 may be used to prevent operation of the UV lights 40until the chamber 100 is in the closed state.

As noted above, the use of a motor is beneficial because it allows thesterilization system to functional automatically. As can be appreciated,if the sterilization cycle happens automatically, there is no need torely on users and the element of user error is removed so that thesterilization may occur with greater reliability.

In an embodiment, a change in the user state (such as the user loggingoff, or a timeout occurring) in a computer associated with the keyboardwill cause software to trigger the controller 20 to actuate the motor165 in the drive unit 50 so as to cause the chamber to be switch to aclosed state. Once the controller 20 receives a signal from the sensor30 that the chamber is in a closed state, the controller will actuatethe UV lights 40 and sterilize the keyboard 180. Once the sterilizedcycle completes, the controller 20 may shut off the UV lights 40 andswitch the chamber 100 back into the open or operative state, in theprocess placing the door 130 in the operative position. This may beaccomplished by providing a second signal to the drive unit 50 from thecontroller 20 so as to cause the drive unit 50 to switch the chamber 100back to the open state. Thus, in an embodiment, the sterilizationprocess may take place in an automated manner without the need for userintervention.

It should be noted that automated sterilization prevents the problemsassociated with manual actuation of the sterilization procedure. Forexample, in a high stress situation an individual might forget toproperly sterilize the input device. However, if the sterilization takesplace automatically, then human error will not be a factor in whether aninput device is sterilized. This also minimizes the need to trainindividuals in the proper sterilizing procedures and can reduce the costof hiring new personal.

In an embodiment, a status signal may be provided by the controller 20so as to indicate the progress of the sterilization cycle. If a computeris configured to process the status signal, a visual depiction of thestatus can be provided on a display. The advantage of such aconfiguration is that a potential user can quickly determine the timeremaining before the sterilization cycle is complete and therefore canutilize his or her time more efficiently.

It should also be noted that the trigger may be provided in a wirelessmanner. In such a configuration the controller may be equipped forwireless communication with the computer and/or the input device and asignal from the computer or the input device may trigger thesterilization cycle. In an embodiment, the controller may be configuredto provide a sterilization complete signal once the sterilization cycleis complete. While not required, the sterilization complete signalallows a software application to switch between states and may allow acomputer to prompt a user to take an action such as open the drawer orto log in. In an embodiment, a computer may be configured to provide atrigger initiating the sterilization signal in response to a lack ofuser input or a change in user states such as the user logging out. Uponreceipt of the sterilization signal, the computer may delay providinganother request for sterilization until the input device is used.

As can be appreciated, the described system will require a power sourceto actuate the lights (and power the motor, if provided). Any desirablepower source may be used, including but not limited to a battery, anultra capacitor, and A/C power (which may be converted to DC power usinga power supply in a known manner).

As can be appreciated, the time for effective sterilization may varydepending on the number of UV lights and the output thereof. However, itis expected that a standard sterilization cycle will be sufficient formost input devices. Therefore, in an embodiment the sterilization cyclemay be for a predetermined period of time. In an alternative embodiment,the sterilization cycle may be programmable.

Although the subject matter has been described in language specific tostructural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understoodthat the subject matter defined in the appended claims is notnecessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above.Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed asexample forms of implementing the claims. Numerous other embodiments,modifications and variations within the scope and spirit of the appendedclaims will occur to persons of ordinary skill in the art from a reviewof this disclosure.

1. A system for disinfecting a surface of an input device, comprising: achamber configured to enclose the surface of the input device, thechamber switchable between an open state and a closed state, the chamberincluding a drawer configured to support the input device, the drawermoveable between an operative position and a sterilize position; asensor configured to provide a signal when the chamber is in the closedstate; a UV light; and a controller configured to cause the drive unitto switch the chamber to the closed state in response to a triggerrequesting activation of the UV light and to activate the UV light inresponse to the signal received from the sensor.
 2. The system of claim1, wherein the drive unit is configured to automatically translate thedrawer between the operative position and the sterilize position inresponse an actuation input received from the controller.
 3. The systemof claim 2, wherein the drive unit comprises a motor and the controlleris configured to actuate the motor of the drive unit in response to thetrigger.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the chamber includes a doorconfigured to be automatically closed when the drawer is in thesterilize position.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller isconfigured to provide a signal indicating a status of a sterilizationcycle.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured toreceive the trigger from a computer coupled to the input device.
 7. Amethod of sterilizing a surface of an input device in a chamber,comprising: (a) receiving a trigger requesting a sterilization cycle tobegin; (b) providing an actuation input to a drive unit in response tothe trigger, the drive unit configured to switch the chamber between anopen and a closed state by positioning a drawer that supports the inputdevice, the drawer being positioned between an operative position and asterilize position, the operative position corresponding to the openstate of the chamber and the sterilize position corresponding to theclosed state of the chamber; (c) determining that the chamber is in aclosed state; and (d) actuating a UV light for a predetermined time. 8.The method of claim 7, wherein the receiving the trigger in (a)comprises: (i) providing a signal to the motor; and (ii) switching thechamber from the open state to the closed state with the motor.
 9. Themethod of claim 7, wherein the drive unit comprises a motor and theproviding of the actuation input in (b) comprises: (i) providing asignal to the motor; and (ii) switching the chamber from the open stateto the closed state with the motor.
 10. The method of claim 7, whereinthe determining in (c) comprises: (i) receiving a signal from a sensorindicating that the chamber is in a closed state.
 11. The method ofclaim 7, further comprising: (e) in response to the actuating in (d),switching the chamber to an open state.
 12. The method of claim 7,further comprising: (e) providing a sterilization complete signal. 13.The method of claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to receive awireless signal and the receiving in (s) comprises: (i) receiving awireless signal from the input device wherein the providing asterilization complete signal.
 14. A system for sterilizing a surface ofan input device, comprising: a chamber configured to switch between anoperative state and a closed state; a keyboard having a housing coupledto the chamber, the chamber including a drawer configured to support theinput device, the drawer being moveable between a first position whereinthe keyboard is at least partially exposed outside of the chamber, and asecond position wherein the keyboard is contained within the chamber,and the keyboard including an operative surface; a UV light configuredto sterilize the operative surface when the chamber is in the closedstate; a sensor configured to provide a signal when the chamber is inthe closed state; and a controller configured to actuate the UV light inresponse to the signal provided by the sensor.
 15. The system of claim14, wherein the chamber includes a flexible door positioned in a track,wherein the flexible door is configured to be translated between anoperative position and a sterilize position, wherein translating theflexible door to the sterilized position switches the chamber to theclosed state.
 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the keyboard furtherincludes a drive unit configured to automatically translate the flexibledoor between the operative and the sterilize position in response to anactuation input.
 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the drive unitcomprises a motor coupled to the flexible door, the motor configured totranslate the flexible door between the operative and the sterilizeposition.
 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the controller isconfigured to actuate the UV light in response to a trigger and thecontroller is further to provide the actuation input to the drive unitin response to the trigger.
 19. The system of claim 14, wherein thekeyboard is fixably attached to the chamber.
 20. The system of claim 14,wherein the chamber includes a door, wherein the door is configured tobe translated between an operative position and a sterilize position,wherein translating the door to the sterilized position switches thechamber to the closed state.